I am doing a separate page on procedures that are known to facilitate bacteria into the blood stream.  Ideally, if there is no tearing of the tissues and no bleeding, infective endocarditis will  not occur.  |Antibiotic protection is important because it can not be guaranteed that  tearing will not take place.  It is important to note that a lot of these do not appear on the American Heart Association guideline list for needing antibiotics.

• tissue biopsies of the liver in particular, and of the uterus or kidneys
• urologic procedures such as surgery or investigative instrumentation of the urethra (dilatation), the small canal that conveys the urine from the bladder to the exterior opening, of the ureter or of the bladder, hat is cystoscopy which is a visual examination of the bladder.
• prostatectomy (removal of a part or all of the prostate gland)
• peritoneal dialysis or lavage of abdominal cavity and viscera
• hemodialysis (mechanical filtering of impurities from the blood when the kidneys do not function)
• surgical insertion of a pace maker to regulate the heartbeat
• replacement of natural heart valves with prosthetic devices
• indwelling IV catheters (e.g. nutritional or anti microbial purposes)
• cardiac catheterization of the left ventricle
• blood and platelet transfusion

By virtue of their sex, women have increased risks of bacteria getting into the blood stream

• intrauterine contraceptive devices
• cesarean section
• induced or spontaneous abortion
• dilatation and curettage (D&C)
• pelvic infection
• menstruation
• punch biopsy of the cervix
• normal vaginal delivery